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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

宋涛发表新年寄语：携手奋斗 共创伟业******

　　新华社北京1月2日电 中共中央台办、国务院台办主任宋涛在2023年第1期《两岸关系》杂志发表题为《携手奋斗 共创伟业》的新年寄语，向广大台湾同胞致以新年祝福和诚挚问候。

　　宋涛表示，新年前夕，习近平主席发表了新年贺词，向海内外中华儿女致以新年祝福，其中强调，“海峡两岸一家亲。衷心希望两岸同胞相向而行、携手并进，共创中华民族绵长福祉”。

　　宋涛表示，2022年是党和国家历史上极为重要的一年。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全党全国各族人民团结奋斗、勇毅前行，党和国家各项事业取得新的历史性成就。

　　宋涛指出，2022年，我们牢牢把握两岸关系主导权和主动权，团结两岸同胞推动两岸关系向前发展，对台工作取得新的进展。一年来，我们持续向台湾同胞和国际社会讲清台湾问题历史经纬和对台大政方针，引导两岸同胞就两岸关系和国家统一开展对话协商，引领两岸关系发展方向。我们践行以人民为中心的发展思想，始终尊重、关爱、造福台湾同胞，积极推动两岸交流合作，深化两岸融合发展，为台胞台企办实事、做好事、解难事，助力台商台企融入新发展格局、参与高质量发展。我们坚决开展反分裂、反干涉重大斗争，坚决粉碎“台独”分裂势力谋“独”挑衅，有效震慑外部势力“以台制华”行径。

　　宋涛表示，2023年是全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神的开局之年。我们将坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的二十大精神，全面贯彻新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略，坚持“和平统一、一国两制”方针，在一个中国原则和“九二共识”基础上，与台湾各界有识之士就两岸关系和国家统一开展广泛深入协商。将继续努力为两岸同胞谋利造福，促进两岸各行业、各领域交流合作，深化两岸融合发展，完善增进台湾同胞福祉的制度和政策，推动两岸共同弘扬中华文化，促进两岸同胞心灵契合。将坚决捍卫国家主权和领土完整，坚决开展反分裂、反干涉重大斗争。我们坚信，只要两岸同胞和衷共济、同心同行，就一定能够共创中华民族伟大复兴美好未来，就一定能够完成祖国统一大业！

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）